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North Korea test-fired another missile over Japan last week just days after the U.N. Security Council approved new sanctions against the rogue state, which remains a top concern for the Trump administration.

U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson joined “Face the Nation” Sunday. He discussed the latest developments on North Korea, as well as the Trump administration’s position on the Paris climate accord — and more.

What follows is a transcript of the interview with Tillerson, which aired Sunday, Sept. 17, 2017, on “Face the Nation.”

JOHN DICKERSON: Mr. Secretary, welcome. Let me start with the Paris Climate Accord. The Wall Street Journal reported that the administration was looking for a way to stay in it. But in June President Trump said it was time to exit. So what is the administration position?

REX TILLERSON: Well, the position’s being led and developed by Gary Cohn over at the National Economic Council. And I think if you recall the president also said, “Look, we are willing to work with partners in the Paris Climate Accord if we can construct a set of terms that we believe is fair and balanced for the American people and recognizes our economy, our economy–our economic interest relative to others.”

REX TILLERSON: In particular, the second largest economy in the world, China. If you look at those targets in terms of the Paris Climate Accord, they were just really out of balance for the two largest economies. So I think the plan is for Director Cohn to consider other ways in which we can work with partners in the Paris Climate Accord. We want to be productive. We want to be helpful. The U.S. actually has a tremendous track record on reducing our own greenhouse gas emissions.

JOHN DICKERSON: So there’s a chance that if things get worked out, both on the voluntary side from the U.S., voluntary restrictions for the U.S., that it could change, but then also with China, there’s a chance the U.S. could stay in the accord. Is that right?

REX TILLERSON: I think under the right conditions. The president said he’s open to finding those conditions where we can remain engaged with others on what we all agree is still a challenging issue.

JOHN DICKERSON: All right. Let’s move on to North Korea. This week the UN increased sanctions against North Korea. But then North Korea fired another missile. So what’s next?

REX TILLERSON: Well, first, I think it’s important to understand the policy of the United States, John, towards North Korea is to deny North Korea possession of a nuclear weapon and the ability to deliver that weapon. Our strategy has been to undertake this peaceful pressure campaign we call it enabled by the four no’s.The four no’s being that we do not seek regime change, we do not seek a regime collapse, we do not seek an accelerated reunification of the peninsula, and we do not seek a reason to send our forces north of the demilitarized zone. So the peaceful pressure campaign is built around enabling–putting together the largest and strongest international coalition we can to send the same message to North Korea and to North Korea’s neighbors, China and Russia, that this is the policy of the rest of the world.

And you’ve seen that expressed now in two unanimous security council resolutions to impose the strictest sanctions ever. All of that designed to bring North Korea to the table for constructive, productive dialogue. If our diplomatic efforts fail though, our military option will be the only one left. So all of this is backed up by a very strong and resolute military option. But to be clear, we seek a peaceful solution to this.

JOHN DICKERSON: So going back to those four no’s, those are a message to North Korea that–that despite the fact North Korea says that the U.S. has aggressive aims, the United States doesn’t has aggressive aims. You’ve been clear about that. You’ve been clear again this morning. They’re not getting the message, are they?

REX TILLERSON: No. It’s also a message to assure China that that is also the U.S. policy as well. Because as you well know, China has concerns about a regime collapse in particular and the impact it might have along their border. So this is also to assure the government of China that that is not our agenda either. In an effort to bring them as part of our effort, and they have joined us in these most recent sanctions votes at the UN, we believe China and Russia as well can bring a lot of pressure to bear on North Korea.

JOHN DICKERSON: You’ve said that China and Russia need to take direct action. What direct action does China need to take?

REX TILLERSON: Well, there are two particular economic revenue streams to the North Koreans that are quite important to their ability to fund their weapons programs and to maintain their economic activity just within their own country. One, of course, is energy. No economy can function if it does not have access to energy.

REX TILLERSON: China is the principal supplier of oil to North Korea. They have cut off all supplies in the past when things got bad. We’re asking China to use that leverage they have with North Korea to influence them. And in the case of Russia it’s foreign laborers. Russia has over 30,000 foreign laborers from North Korea. Those wages all go back to the regime in North Korea.

JOHN DICKERSON: China says if they cut off the oil it will lead to that collapse that they worry about. Is there anything the U.S. can do to allay their fears?

REX TILLERSON: Well we–what we’ve said to them is, “Look, you have the best information. You have your hand on the valve. You set the valve where you think it’s going to create the message that you want to send to this regime that they must change the path they’re on.” So we’re put–leaving it in China’s hands at this point

JOHN DICKERSON:  And, and why not just start talks now? China, Russia, France have all said the U.S. should solve this with talks at the diplomatic table?

REX TILLERSON: Well, I’m waiting for the regime of North Korea to give us some indication that they’re prepared to have constructive, productive talks. We have tried a couple of times to signal to them that we’re ready when they’re ready. And they have responded with more missile launches and a nuclear test. All they need to do to let us know they’re ready to talk is to just stop these tests, stop these provocative actions, and let’s lower the threat level and the rhetoric.

JOHN DICKERSON: Do they need to stop them, you know, give them or two weeks, or something? Or do they need to say, “We are going to stop”? Does it have to be a verbal promise?

REX TILLERSON: Well, I’ve said in the past, John, that we’ll know it when we see it in terms of their seriousness.

JOHN DICKERSON: If China doesn’t, in terms of seriousness, if China doesn’t do what you think is necessary either on this oil question or anything else, are trade measures in order to punish China, to put pressure on China?

REX TILLERSON: Well, the president has been very clear that he views this threat of North Korea as ever growing. And as we’ve watched each missile test and each nuclear test, their program is advancing. It’s advancing technologically, and it’s advancing in its capabilities. We’ve said from the beginning we don’t have a lot of time left. We don’t have a runway left to land this plane on. So we need China’s assistance to bring them to the table.

JOHN DICKERSON: Let me, this week the president’s going up to the United Nations. He’s going to speak. He has talked about an America first policy. That’s what he’s talked about in office. The United Nations is a collective action group. How does America First fit into a group,  an organization that exists through collective action?

REX TILLERSON: Well, I think it’s a very important week for the president, for the UN General Assembly. There’s two aspects of his participation up there. One is his major speech that he will give to the General Assembly. The world will be listening. The American people will be listening.

And the message he’s going to deliver in that speech is first he’s going to promote and advocate for the strength of democratic values. And he’s going to reinforce that it is those shared values that bind our alliances together and that have kept the world a stable place.

So he is going to be advocating for those values and the protection of those values. And then he’s going to making the case that those values are under attack. They’re under attack from threats that we just spoke about in North Korea. They’re under attack from threats of Iranian destabilizing efforts.

They’re under attack by others who would undermine our democratic values. So he is going to be very clear in terms of his view that that is what brings us together. That’s what binds these nations together, makes us the most powerful, and also creates a stable world.

And then he’s going to address these specific threats. So North Korea, Iran, terrorism, global terrorism, and why it is important that all of us come together and confront these as a unified body. I think he does believe the United Nations can be a very important instrument of addressing these threats to the world. But I think he also takes the view that the United Nations has fallen short. And he wants to motivate them in that regard.

JOHN DICKERSON: Let me ask you about Iran. The president has until the 15th of October to notify Congress whether Iran is in compliance with the nuclear deal arranged by the previous administration. You say they are not in compliance. The British foreign minister says they are. Are there any other people who are part of that deal who believe that Iran is not in compliance with the nuclear deal?

REX TILLERSON: Well, my view on the nuclear deal is they are in technical compliance of the nuclear arrangement. But if you go back and read the preamble to the JCPOA, the nuclear agreement, there clearly was an expectation between the parties, the negotiators from the Western parties as well as Iran, that by dealing with this nuclear threat we would lower the tension between Iran and the rest of the world and we would create conditions for Iran to rejoin the community of nations as a productive country that wants stability, and wants peace, and wants prosperity in the region.

That’s why all these sanctions were lifted. But since the nuclear deal has been concluded what we have witnessed is Iran has stepped up its destabilizing activities in Yemen. It’s stepped up its destabilizing activities in Syria. It exports arms to Hezbollah and other terrorist groups. And it continues to conduct a very active ballistic missile program. None of that, I would believe, is consistent with that preamble commitment that was made by everyone.

JOHN DICKERSON: Very quickly though, they’re not a nuclear power. You’re dealing with North Korea. Why not do one thing at a time? Why take on, potentially, take on Iran on that question? Why not leave that for another day? You’ve got a pretty serious thing with North Korea right in front of you.

REX TILLERSON: Well, I think it’s important when you consider the Iranian relationship and how we view it, as I have said to others in Europe, consider our full breadth of our relationship. And this is what the president has said as well. Look, we have a lot of issues with Iran. They’re a yard long. The nuclear issue is only one foot of that yard. We have two feet of other issues that we must deal with. And it has to do with Iran’s destabilizing activities.

JOHN DICKERSON: Very quickly on Cuba. Some senators suggested closing down the embassy there. Should that happen?

REX TILLERSON: We have it under evaluation. It’s a very serious issue with respect to the harm that certain individuals have suffered. We’ve brought some of those people home. It’s under review.

JOHN DICKERSON: All right. Mr. Secretary, thank you so much for your time.

REX TILLERSON: My pleasure.

JOHN DICKERSON: And we’ll be back in one minute with Arizona Senator John McCain.

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John Kelly took the reins at the White House as chief of staff last week after a chaotic period marked by the departure of several top officials. Meanwhile, the impaneling of a grand jury suggested special counsel Robert Mueller’s investigation into Russian interference in the 2016 U.S. election is deepening.

“Face the Nation” sat down on Sunday with Sen. Tom Cotton, a member of the Intelligence and Armed Services committees, to discuss some of the national security issues facing the country.

What follows is a transcript of the interview with Cotton, which aired August 6, 2017, on “Face the Nation.”

JOHN DICKERSON: Good morning, and welcome to “Face the Nation.” We begin this morning with Arkansas Republican senator, Tom Cotton. He joins us from Minneapolis. Senator, welcome. I want to start with something that people are watching now. It’s what you, on the intelligence committee, have been investigating. And that is Russian- potential Russian efforts to influence American actions. So what’s happened is the National Security Advisor, H.R. McMaster has been under a bit of an assault in the digital space. And The New York Times reports that on Friday on social media, 600 Twitter accounts linked to Russian influence operations at one point had the hashtag, “FireMcMaster.” It was so popular, it was the number one item on Friday. What do you make of all of that? And does it look like what you’ve been investigating during the election?

SEN. TOM COTTON: Well, John, good morning. First off, I think H.R. McMaster’s a great American. There aren’t many generals out there who are highly decorated in two different wars, and also have best-selling Ph.D.’s about civil military relations. I was happy to bring him to the President’s attention in February, pleased that the President chose him to be his national security advisor, glad to know that the President said on Friday that they’re working very well together.

I don’t want to comment on the specific report from The New York Times. But I will say that Russia has a long history of using disinformation, deception, subterfuge, and espionage to influence Western democracies. That happened in our election last year when Russian intelligence services hacked into those emails and released them.

It happened in 1983 when Russian intelligence services were behind much of the protest against the deployment of intermediate range nuclear forces to Western Europe. So it should come as no surprise that Russia continues its effort to manipulate Western democracies in a way to sow discord and disagreements between our countries in NATO and within the United States or any other Western European country. And it’s something the United States obviously must be on guard against.

JOHN DICKERSON: Do you think the Russians are involved in what is obviously some kind of an operation to hurt H.R. McMaster as the national security advisor and perhaps push him out?

SEN. TOM COTTON: Again, John, I don’t want to comment on that specific report. But it shouldn’t surprise any American to know that Russia uses its money and its intelligence services to spread disinformation, use subterfuge and deception and manipulation, to try to divide political opinion within the United States, within any Western European country, or among NATO countries. That’s one of the techniques that Russia has used for decades, during the Cold War and during the Putin era.

JOHN DICKERSON: So given that Russia is an ongoing threat, you signed onto legislation to sanction Russia. Is there more that the administration should do?

SEN. TOM COTTON: Well, Russia remains an adversary to the United States. We have some overlapping interests. It would be better if our relationship was better. But our relationship is not good right now because of Vladimir Putin. There are steps that I think that we should be taking that we should have taken under the Obama administration.

For instance, providing defensive weaponry to Ukraine. I encourage the President and the administration to take a look at those steps. I know they are doing so through deliberate, careful National Security Council meetings.

JOHN DICKERSON: And you- and you support- Do you think there’ll be a decision on that with respect to arming the Ukrainians?

SEN. TOM COTTON: I hope so, John. And I hope there’s other steps that we can take to try to strengthen NATO’s defenses against Russia. For instance, Russia’s conducting a major military exercise on their western border, on NATO’s eastern border. I’ve long supported the efforts to send more of our troops to Eastern Europe to try to increase the permanent presence there, and to make it clear to Russia that we’ll stand by all of our NATO allies, and they can’t take steps that will intimidate or interfere with NATO’s member countries.

JOHN DICKERSON: Another thing the administration, the President, the defense department are looking into is the situation in Afghanistan. I want to ask you a couple questions that the President appears to be asking, which is first of all, after 16 years, why is it still in the US national interest to be involved in Afghanistan, where you served and- and fought?

SEN. TOM COTTON: John, Afghanistan is the place from which we were attacked 16 years ago next month. It’s the one place where we successfully ejected Al Qaeda from. Today, though, it’s still- you still see a resurgent threat from the Taliban and Al Qaeda. But also, the Islamic state, as well. And we don’t want to see what happened in Mosul in 2014, when the Islamic State took over that city, happen in Kandahar, Kabul, or Jalalabad, and let that space become an area from which terrorist extremists can plot and launch attacks against the United States and our citizens again.

JOHN DICKERSON: Do you agree with the president, who reportedly has said he believes that the U.S. is losing in Afghanistan?

SEN. TOM COTTON: We aren’t making enough progress. And in military terms, if you’re not winning, sometimes you are losing. We’ve seen the Taliban and associated terrorist organizations make gains in recent years. It’s time to stop those gains and roll them back. There’s a lot of different techniques to do so, but we cannot allow Afghanistan to once again become an ungoverned country from which terrorist organizations can launch attacks against the United States and our citizens.

JOHN DICKERSON: You and I, during the campaign, talked about Congress’ role in overseeing the President. I wanted to get your thoughts about three things that Congress did before everybody left town. First, there was the vote on sanctions, which the President did not like, with respect to Russia.

Also, in the Senate, you took measures to make sure there were no recess appointments. And finally, there are a couple bipartisan efforts to make sure that if- that the President can’t fire the special counsel. What do you make of all of those actions with respect to- Seems to be Congress is trying to constrain the President.

SEN. TOM COTTON: Well, those are all very different kinds of actions. On the sanctions legislation, I supported that legislation because Russia and China are adversaries, and North Korea is racing towards having a nuclear armed missile that can strike the United States. The recess appointment issue is something that goes back to the Obama administration.

I can tell you, as a junior senator, I signed a sign-up roster early this year that was choosing when I was going to be in Washington, D.C., during a recess, to preside over a short session of the Senate, to insure that there wasn’t a recess appointment. That’s simply Congress taking its responsibilities seriously, to provide advice and consent to all nominations.

We did it under the Obama administration. It’s happening under the Trump administration, as well. Finally, on those two pieces of legislation, I don’t see them going very far. The Independent Counsel Statute in the 1970s and ’80s and ’90s was a disaster. We have an executive branch in which the power of all the departments and all the agencies reports to the single elected member of the President.

So those are all very different kinds of actions. But Congress is a co-equal branch of government. And in my opinion, for decades, Congress has ceded too much authority to the executive branch. And we should exercise our constitutional responsibilities seriously and with vigor.

JOHN DICKERSON: All right, senator. We’re going to have to leave it there. Thanks so much for being with us.

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